Biopolym. Cell. 2004; 20(6):451-471.
Огляди
Генетичний і епігенетичний контроль росту і розвитку рослин. Гени фотоморфогенезу та регуляція їхньої експресії світлом
1Циганкова В. А., 1Галкіна Л. А., 1Мусатенко Л. І., 2Ситник К. М.
  1. Інститут фізики напівпровідників ім. В. Є. Лашкарьова НАН України
    просп. Науки, 41, Київ, Україна, 03028
  2. Інститут ботаніки ім. М. Г. Холодного НАН України
    вул. Терещенківська, 2, Київ, Україна, 01601

Abstract

Огляд присвячено аналізу літературних даних, шр розкрива­ють механізми сприйняття світлових сигналів клітинами рослин і реалізації їх на генетичному рівні. Наведено фізіолого­біохімічні характеристики фоторецепторів - ефекторів, які сприймають сигнал світла, та їхня класифікація у відпо­відності 3 функціональною роллю: 1) фітохромів, які абсорбу­ють червоне/далеке червоне світло, і хлорофілу, який сприй­має червоне світло; 2) криптохромів, фототропінів та каро­тиноїдів, які селективно абсорбують синє/ УФ-Л/ УФ-В світ­ло, а також дані про гени, які кодують фоторецептори фітохроми (>PHYA—PHYE гени), криптохроми (CRY1 і CRY2 гени), а також фототропіни (NPH і NPL1 гени) у Arabidopsis. Найбільшу увагу приділено розгляду конкретних генів, експ­ресія яких регулюється сигналами світла за посередництвом фітохрому A (FHY1, FHY3, SPA1, FIN2, FIN219, FAR1 гени), фітохрому В (RED1, PEF2, PEF3, PKS1, АТНВ-2 гени), а також обох видів фітохромів: як А, так і В (PEF1, PSI2, PIF3, NDPK2, HY5, Elip гени). Представлено дані про від­криття нових генів: СОР1, DET1, СОР9, СОРЮ і SHL — негативних регуляторів морфогенезу у темряві, експресія яких регулюється двома класами фоторецепторів — як фітохромами, так і криптохромами, а також відомості про ідентифікацію численної групи генів — сигнальних елементів фізіологічного годинника (ендогенного осцилятора): ZTL, FKF1, LKP2, ТОСІ, ССА1, LHY, ELF3, GL, PHYA—PHYE, CRY1 і CRY2 генів, які передають на осцилятор сигнали зовнішнього середовища, а також САВ2, CCR2, САТЗ, psbA, psbD та інших генів, які сприймають інформацію, шр надхо­дить з осцилятора. Представлено також докази існування сигнальних взаємодій між фітохромами та фітогормономи

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